Transgenic animals
Tissue and cell metabolism
Animal metabolism can be screened in homogenates or extracts of frozen tissues (e.g.brain, heart, liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and gonads) by photometric or fluorimetric analyses of key enzymes and central metabolites.
The physiological capacities of the different metabolic pathways are determined by measuring the maximal catalytic activities of key enzymes (maximal velocity, Vmax under standard conditions). The actual situation of metabolism is described by the composition of macromolecules and the concentrations of central metabolites.
You will receive a detailed protocol of measurement and our physiological interpretation of the data. We recommend a comparative analysis of transgenic animals with controls of the same age and sex.
Compact Tissue Profile of Catabolic Capacity
Catabolic processes are essential for delivering energy in form of ATP. The tissue profile of catabolism analyses the major fuel utilization pathways.
- phosphagen metabolism
- carbohydrate degradation
- amino acid metabolism
- citric acid cycle
- respriratory chain
Compact tissue Profile of Anabolic Capacity
The synthesis of complex molecules is the essential feature of anabolism. Our tissue profile offers a compact view in efficiency of molecule synthesis.
- glycogen synthesis
- gluconeogenesis
- synthesis of riboses
- synthesis of fatty acids
Comprehensive Tissue Profile of Metabolic Capacity
Our comprehensive tissue profile offers an in-depth analysis of catabolic and anabolic pathways.
- phosphagen metabolism
- carbohydrate metabolism
glycogen metabolism
glycolysis
gluconeogenesis - fatty acid metabolism
- metabolism of ketone bodies
- amino acid metabolism
- tricarboxylic acid cyle
- respiratory chain
- nucleotide metabolism
Tissue Profile of Macromolecules and Central Metabolites
Metabolite concentrations represent the actual situation of tissue metabolism. Rapid freezing of tissues is necessary for physiological interpretation of the data. This profile screens the chemical composition of the tissue and can visualize defects of metabolism (e.g. obesity, diabetes, tumors, muscle fatique).
- carbohydrate, fat and protein contents
- adenine nucleotide pool
- substrates and intermediates
Tissue Profile of Antioxidant Network
Oxygen metabolism is accompanied by the production of oxidants (e.g. radicals) which detoxification is important for aerobic tissues. This tissue profile offers analysis of enzymes involved in pathways of the antioxidant network.
- superoxide dismutase
- glutathione peroxidase
- catalase
- glutathione reductase
Tissue Profile of Shuttle Systems
Certain metabolites are transported inside the cells by enzymatic shuttle systems. The ratio of the contributed enzyme forms is determined.
- phosphagen shuttle
- malate aspartate shuttle
- glycerol phosphate shuttle